Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



J. RIDER. Bream-Loading FireArm.

Patented Dec. 3, 1863.

g the arm in all cases.

" NITED STATES I ATENT Fries,

JOSEPH RIDE R, OF'NEWARK, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND E. -REM INGTON 8D SONS, OF ILIQN, N, Y,

IMPROVEMENT m ,BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,887, dated December 8, 1863.

Is all whom it may concern:

ark, in the county-of Licking and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,- clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference be-".

inghad tothe accompanying drawings, making apart of this specification, inwhichf Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section through a pistol constructed after my plan,

showing the breech-plate and hammer in pes-ition against theend of the bore of theioarrelr Fig. 2 represents a similar section, showing thebreech-plate as drawnback and the hammer as onthe cock. Fig; 3 represents a similar section, showingthebreech-plate as up against thee'nd of the barrel and the hammer, on the cock. Fig. irep'resents a! perspecq I tive' view of the barrel and lock and handle;

plate as made inone piece.

Similar letters of referen so, where they 4 our" in .lthe' several figures, denotelike parts of Many devices have been essayedfor locking the breech-plate 01" a breech-loading" fire-arm 1 v to prevent itfrom yielding to the force 'of the discharge, and even the hammer has been used asa lockingmechanism; but none of these plans embrace the security and compactness of mylplan; nor and I aware that any fire-arm embracing the many advantages that mine does has ever been made so simple, efiicient, va'nd'cheap as mine.

My invention consists in an impro vement in which are'known as- .breech-loading. fire-v arms, which improvement I willdescribe,

in the claim, which I.

and specially point out propose to make, A

The. barrel A is bored .through and through, so asto load the arm at the breech with a cartridge having a metallic case.

The barrel A, as well as the lock and handle plate B, I form in one piece, whichnot only facilitates the putting together of the firearm, but makes these two pieces firmer, while they serve as a 1 guide for fitting the other pieces also.

The handle and lock-frame Care united to the plate B at a a, and these two pieces may line with said pin.

I v 1: be said to l'constitute the permanent (immor- Be it known that I, J osnrn Binnrq'of N ew-- able) portions of the fire-arm;

The-hammer l) is of an 8, form, though irregular in shape, and is pivoted to the plate B ata point, b, which point isforward of the rear end of the barrel A, and the point or tail cof the hammer serves asa'do'gior the trigger E to catch upon and hold at a cock, as shown in Figs-2 and 3; v

F is a mainspring, by which the hammer is actuatedwhenjreleased by the trigger. The trigger E is pivoted to the plate B at d, and a small spring, e, forces the lowerend of the trigger forward and its upper end rearward, so that it will always be in position to patch the tail'c o'fthe hammer upon its pointor projection f, and the compression of this spring'lets oif-the hammer, which strikes the cartridge G and: explodes its fulminate or priming and fires the charge in the cartridge.

The breech-plate His pivoted at directly '{under the rear end of the barrel A, and its upper end, h, when'ag'ainst the rear ,end of the barrel, covers thebore thereof, except in one point, where. the hammer strikes against a small portion of the heel of the cartridge to explode it. The breech-plate, too, is grooved, as shown by the dotted lines at 0', so that the hammer Dmay work into said groove, and when both the breech-plate and hammer are against the end of the ba'rrel, as shown in Fig. 1, occupy, as it were, the same space, thus giving a neat and compact finish to the arm. There is a shoulder, j, formed on'eachside of thetrigger-hammer D, (one only being seen,)

v and these shoulders and surfaces, coming between the pivoted points of said hammer and breech-plate b g, firmly locks the breech-plate against the force of the exploding charge, the tendency of the breech-plate, in this position, to flyback being taken on the pin bin a direct Thehammer and breech-plate mutually lock each other under the different circumstances of their positions, as follows: When they are in the positions shown in Fig. 1, the breechplate cannot be drawn until the hammer is first drawn down, and when they are in the po- On the hreechTplate H there is a rigid pin,

'n, against which the flange of the cartridgecase comes, as shown in Fig. 2, when the arm is about to be loaded, allowing said cartridge to b'eonly partially inserted in the bore of the arm, and when the breech-plate H is let up it moves away its pin' n, and the part it of the breech-plate, coming against the cartridge,

pushes it home.- Thus the charging of the'arm with the cartridge is commenced and partially done by hand-hut completed by the closing up of the breech-piece, and when the breechv 1 eases piece is drawn hack to open the charnber of the fire-arm, the pin n' takes against the flange of the cartridge and draws it partially out, leaving the subsequent removal to be doneby hand, and thus the case may be conveniently preserved to be reused.

Having thus fully described the construction and operation of my fire-arm,what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The so eomblningof the hainmerand the independent breech-plate as that they may look and interlock with each other, substantially as herein described and represented.

Witnesses:

. W. W. THOMAS,

S. B. VALENTINE.

JOSEPH RIDER. 7 

